In Persian, "khor" means "sun" and "san" means "the place" or "the dwelling." Khorasan being situated in the east of Iran, is the "place where the sun rises". Khorassan has been the cradle of the Persian language and the civilization of eastern Iran. Socially and politically it has always had an extraordinary importance in the organization of the Iranian state. Khorasan was one of the four largest provinces of the Sasanian-Persian empire.
The name of khorasan originates from Sasanian-Persian Dynasty, but was a part of prior Iranian Kingdoms:
Khorasan is a historical region and realm comprising a vast territory of ancient Iran. The history of the area stretches back to very ancient times, being part of the Persian Achaemenid empire (هخامنشی) of the 6th and 5th centuries BC (originating in Pars province Iran) and the Parthian empire (اشکانی) of the 1st century BC.
Khorasan was first named, however, by the Persian Sasanians (ساسانی) (beginning in the 3rd century BC), who organized their empire into four quarters (named from the cardinal points), Khorasan being literally the 'Land of the Sun.' " The Sasanian-Persians had their capital in South Western Iran and looked to the north-east to mark the distance of their territory by using the sun as a guide.
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